Daily Kos: Indians 101: Pine Nuts
The Great Basin:
The Great Basin includes the high desert regions between the Sierra Nevada and the Rocky Mountains. It is bounded on the north by the Columbia Plateau and on the south by the Colorado Plateau. It includes southern Oregon and Idaho, a small portion of southwestern Montana, western Wyoming, eastern California, all of Nevada and Utah, a portion of northern Arizona, and most of western Colorado. This is an area which is characterized by low rainfall and extremes of temperature. The valleys in the area are 3,000 to 6,000 feet in altitude and are separated by mountain ranges running north and south that are 8,000 to 12,000 feet in elevation. The rivers in this region do not flow into the ocean, but simply disappear into the sand.
The Great Basin is an ecologically sparse environment which includes by small areas where water, game, and plant life are abundant. The summers are often hot and the winters cold. This is an area which seems inhospitable to human habitation, yet Indian people have lived here for thousands of years. For Indian people to live in the Great Basin, they had to have a rather intimate knowledge of a fairly large territory of several hundred square miles: a territory would often encompass the full range of desert biomes.
Traditional Subsistence :
Much of the subsistence of the Great Basin Indian tribes depended on the gathering of wild plants. It is estimated that 30 to 70% of the Great Basin diet was based on plants. Several major groups of plants were important to the subsistence of the Great Basin peoples. These include piñon nuts, mesquite, acorns, agave, camas, sego lily, tobacco root, yampa, biscuitroot, bitterroot, cattails, and berries (wolfberry, buckberry, chokecherries). In general, the gathering year was divided into four periods:
Early Spring : at this time the stored foods were running low and the people were facing some hunger. The first edible plants would appear along streams, near lakes, and in the low hills where the snow first disappeared.
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Pinyon Pine
Growth Characteristics: Pinyon pine is a 10 to 30 foot tall tree, growing in a pyramidal ... Indians still use the pitch as a caulking compound for watertight ...
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Learn about the Pinyon Pines Clarks Nutcrackers and Jays of Central Colorado. ... The Anasazi Indians (Ancestral Puebloans) used pinyon tree poles as door headers in their homes. ...
Pinyon Pine Trees - DesertUSA
Pinyon Pine Trees ... Read more about Pinyon Pines and how the Indians used them for food: Pinyon Pine Nuts, with nouveau recipes using this classic ...
Liston Pine Nuts (pinenuts, pignolias) - Harvesting Info
Sells shelled pine nuts, hard shell pinon pine nuts and Nevada soft shell pine nuts (pinenuts)
Common Names -> Pinyon Pine, Maya Ethnobotanicals.com
The pinyon pines (or piñon pines), are a group of pines, which grow in the southwestern ... Indians still use the pitch as a caulking compound for watertight baskets and as ...